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Thesis
Path to Executive Order 9981
1. Civil War to WWII2. Executive Order 88023. Double V Campaign4. Racial Violence At Home5. To Secure These Rights
Executive Order 9981
6. Why Executive Order 99817. Passing of Executive Order 99818. Fahy Committee - Oversee successful integration of the U.S. Armed Services
Breaking Barriers
9. Integrating the U.S. Armed Services10. Desegregation of U.S. Armed Services Accomplished11. Reactions to Executive Order 9981
10. Significance of EO 9981
Resources
Annotated BibliographyProcess Paper

Double V Campaign

In 1942, segregation and discrimination reached a point that was no longer acceptable. Pittsburgh Courier a prominent black daily newspaper that influenced public opinions of African Americans, initiated “Double V Campaign", which stood for two victories, "promote victory abroad against the nation’s enemies, and at home, from policies and practices that upheld discrimination.”

“We, as colored Americans are determined to protect our country, our form of government and the freedoms which we cherish for ourselves and the rest of the world, therefore we have adopted the Double ‘V’ war cry – “victory over our enemies at home and victory over our enemies on the battlefields abroad. Thus, in our fight for freedom we wage a two-pronged attack against our enslavers at home and those abroad who will enslave us. WE HAVE A STAKE IN THIS FIGHT...WE ARE AMERICANS, TOO!”

~ "The Courier's Double 'V' for a double victory campaign gets country-wide support," Pittsburgh Courier, February 14, 1942.

"Double V Campaign", Pittsburgh Courier Archives